The history of English (combined)

The chapter delves into the transition from Roman rule to the influx of Germanic tribes like the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes into Britain, shaping the English language with everyday vocabulary and names of the days.

William the Conqueror's invasion in 1066 brought French influence, introducing new official terms, sparking linguistic changes in the common language, and incorporating around 10,000 French words into English.

Shakespeare's impact on the English language with his inventions of over 2,000 words and phrases, contributing to the richness and expressiveness of English vocabulary.

The translation of the Bible in 1611 by King James led to the creation of numerous metaphorical and moral phrases, shaping modern English language usage and expressions.

The 17th-century saw a surge in scientific discoveries, leading to the creation of new words related to physics, human anatomy, and other scientific fields, enhancing English vocabulary.

As English became the language of empire, British colonization spread English globally, borrowing words from various cultures and regions, influencing English in diverse ways.

The development of dictionaries, including Dr. Johnson's work, and the influence of American English with borrowed Native American words, immigrant contributions, and the spread of capitalist language.

The evolution of language on the internet, leading to new abbreviations, changes in written and spoken English, and the adoption of internet slang into everyday communication.

English's journey to become a global language, absorbing words from multiple languages, evolving independently, and becoming a universal tool for communication, despite its complex spelling system and diverse variations like Hinglish and Singlish.