Summary
During the 19th and 20th centuries, African territories were colonized by European empires, bringing about significant changes in their economies, politics, and cultures. Great Britain, Portugal, France, Belgium, and Germany were among the major colonizers in Africa, establishing control over regions such as Nigeria, Angola, French West Africa, Belgian Congo, and German territories in Central Africa. This period of colonization had far-reaching impacts on the African continent that continue to shape its societies and politics today.
Colonization of African Territories
During the second half of the 19th century and a significant part of the 20th century, the majority of African territories were occupied by colonial empires, leading to profound transformations in their economies, political organization, and cultural systems.
Imperialism in Africa by Great Britain
Great Britain, a dominant naval power for centuries, established its colonial empire in Africa starting around the Mediterranean with enclaves like Cyprus and Egypt. It extended its control southward from the Cape Colony to territories like Rhodesia, Gambia, and Nigeria.
Colonization by Other European Powers
Other European powers like Portugal, France, and Belgium also engaged in the colonization of African territories. Portugal focused on Angola, Mozambique, and territories in Southwest Africa. France expanded into Sub-Saharan Africa, while Belgium occupied the Belgian Congo and territories like Libya and Eritrea. Additionally, Germany initiated the occupation of territories in Central Africa.
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