Summary
In November 1955, following the displacement of President Lonardi, General Aramburu's government in Argentina embarks on a stringent de-Peronization campaign akin to denazification in post-Hitler Germany. The regime persecutes and proscribes the Peronist party, restricting members from holding positions, using symbols, or even mentioning Perón. This oppressive environment leads to resistance movements forming, with a notable military uprising in 1956 demanding Perón's return and constitutional reinstatement, though met with severe repression and casualties, including the uprising's leader Valle.
November 1955 - Government Change
In November 1955, the liberal and anti-Peronist sector of the army displaces Eduardo Lonardi from the presidency and appoints General Pedro Aramburu in his place. The new government immediately starts a policy of persecution and proscription of the Peronist party, similar to the denazification process in Germany after the fall of Adolf Hitler.
Persecution and Proscription Policy
The government initiates a policy to de-Peronize the society, inhibiting all Peronist members from occupying positions, displaying their party symbols, or mentioning Perón. The government even prohibits naming Peronists in communication references.
Proscription of Peronist Leaders
The Aramburu government proscribe all Peronist leaders, controls labor unions with main Peronist unions' leaders in prison or exile, imposes severe cuts in factories, and creates blacklists of workers who identify with Perón.
Resistance and Formation of Resistance Groups
Resistance groups start forming within factories, initially through individual actions and later collective protests. The groups begin to whistle the Peronist march and establish alliances with other government-proscribed individuals.
Military Uprising and Subsequent Events
In 1956, a military uprising led by Valle attempts to seize the Army Mechanics School in Buenos Aires and spreads to Avellaneda, Rosario, and La Plata. The uprising demands the return of Perón, the release of all prisoners, and the reinstatement of the 1949 constitution. The rebellion is quelled with thousands of civilians executed, including Valle.
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