Summary
In the light reactions of photosynthesis, photons energize electrons in the thylakoid membrane to create ATP and NADPH. The electron transport chain then reduces electron energy levels and pumps protons, forming a proton gradient that drives the production of NADPH and ATP. The Calvin cycle operates independently of light and uses ATP and NADPH to convert carbon dioxide into glucose and other carbohydrates, producing important molecules like G3P along the way.
Summary of the Light Reactions
In the light reactions, photons excite electrons in the thylakoid membrane, leading to the generation of ATP and NADPH.
Transition to Dark Reactions
The electron transport chain in the thylakoid membrane reduces electron energy levels and pumps protons, creating a proton gradient used to produce NADPH and ATP.
Overview of Dark Reactions
The Calvin cycle, occurring independently of light, utilizes ATP and NADPH to fix carbon dioxide and produce glucose or other carbohydrates.
Carbon Fixation in Calvin Cycle
The Calvin cycle involves fixing carbon dioxide using ATP and NADPH to produce G3P, a key molecule for synthesizing glucose and other organic compounds.
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