Crucible of Empire: The Spanish American War


Summary

The video delves into the historical events leading up to and during the Spanish-American War, showcasing McKinley's desire for a naval base, Roosevelt's ambitions for U.S. world power status, and public sentiment towards Spain. It covers the key battles and operations during the war, detailing milestones such as Dewey's victory in the Philippines and the surrender of Santiago in Cuba. The aftermath of the conflict, including the Treaty of Paris, debates on imperialism, President McKinley's assassination, and the establishment of American rule in Cuba and the Philippines, are also discussed.


Funding for the Documentary

Major funding was provided by The Corporation for Public Broadcasting and the National Endowment for the Humanities, along with financial support from viewers like you.

McKinley's Desire for War

McKinley desired a naval base in the Spanish Caribbean and saw war as a means to achieve his goals. Assistant Secretary of the Navy, Roosevelt, believed that a war with Spain would elevate the U.S. to a world power.

Events at the World's Colombian Exposition

The World's Colombian Exposition in Chicago showcased modern innovations, including new methods in railways and the introduction of the hamburger in America.

Spain's Dwindling Empire

Spain's global empire had diminished, with only Cuba and Puerto Rico remaining in the 1890s. The American public felt a sense of threat from Spain, leading to tensions.

Cuban Independence Movements

Various movements for Cuban independence, led by figures like Marti and Gomez, gained momentum. The revolution against Spanish oppression in Cuba escalated, attracting support from Americans.

Events Leading to the Spanish-American War

Tensions between the U.S. and Spain escalated, with the sinking of the USS Maine and various provocations leading to the declaration of war. The U.S. mobilized troops and naval forces for the conflict.

Battles and Naval Operations

Key battles and naval operations, including Dewey's victory in the Philippines, the U.S. Army's advances in Cuba, and the surrender of Santiago, marked significant milestones in the Spanish-American War.

The Beginning of the Conflict

The chapter describes the initial tensions between the Americans and the Filipinos during the Spanish-American War and the Battle of Manila.

Negotiations and Treaty

Discusses the peace negotiations between the United States and Spain, the Treaty of Paris, and the debate over imperialism in the United States.

Expansion and Imperialism

President McKinley's expansionist policies, the acquisition of colonies, and the debates on imperialism and colonial rule in the United States.

War in the Philippines

Details the Philippine-American War, guerrilla warfare, atrocities, and the Anti-Imperialist League's opposition to the conflict.

Consequences and Reactions

The aftermath of the Philippines conflict, President McKinley's assassination, the Balangiga Massacre, and the establishment of American rule in Cuba.

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