Summary
Glucose obtained from food acts as the body's primary fuel source, regulated by the pancreas through the secretion of insulin and glucagon. Insulin helps lower blood glucose levels by storing excess as glycogen, while glucagon releases stored glycogen when levels drop, ensuring a constant glucose supply. Diabetes is categorized into Type 1 with inadequate insulin production, typically in young individuals, and Type 2 with insulin resistance, commonly in older adults. Effective insulin regulation is vital for managing diabetes and maintaining stable glucose levels in the body.
Glucose Metabolism in the Body
Glucose is the fuel for the body and is obtained from food. It is absorbed in the intestines and delivered to the blood, ensuring a constant level in the blood through a regulatory mechanism involving the pancreas.
Role of Pancreas in Regulating Glucose Levels
The pancreas plays a crucial role in maintaining glucose levels in the body. It secretes hormones like insulin and glucagon from the pancreatic islets or the eilandjes van Langerhans to regulate glucose levels effectively.
Functions of Insulin and Glucagon
Insulin helps in lowering blood glucose levels by converting excess glucose into glycogen for storage. On the other hand, glucagon aids in releasing stored glycogen back into the bloodstream when glucose levels drop, ensuring a constant glucose supply.
Diabetes Types and Insulin Regulation
Diabetes comes in two main types: Type 1, where insufficient insulin is produced, often diagnosed in young individuals, and Type 2, characterized by insulin resistance, commonly seen in older adults. Proper insulin regulation is essential for managing diabetes effectively.
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