Albert Camus, Absurd World, Resistance to Evil | Philosophers in the Midst of History (lecture 12)


Summary

The video delves into the influential philosopher Albert Camus and his reflections on wars, leftist politics, and central themes of ethics and ethical living. It explores his transition from initial confusion to profound interest in existentialism and his critical engagement in leftist politics and activism. The discussion includes Camus' willingness to confront challenges, his views on the universe, existentialism, responsibility for actions, rebellion, and the absurdity and contradictions of human existence. It also mentions his split with Sartre over communism, involvement in resisting Nazi occupation, and notable works like 'The Stranger.' Plans for future lectures on ancient philosophies and reflections on the upcoming season are also discussed.


Introduction to Albert Camus

An overview of Albert Camus and his influence on philosophy, focusing on his reflections on wars and leftist politics.

Influence and Key Ideas

Discussion on how important philosophers like Plato and Hannah Arendt influenced Albert Camus, who explored central themes of ethics and ethical living.

Personal Encounter with Camus' Works

Personal experience with Camus' works, including initial confusion and later interest sparked by books borrowed from family.

Engagement with Existentialism

Transition to college, interest in existentialism, reading existentialist works like Sartre and Nietzsche, and exploring Camus' philosophical works.

Reflections on Camus' Philosophical Assumptions

Discussion on Camus' willingness to confront challenges, his views on the universe, and the absence of easy solutions in his philosophy.

Engagement in Theater and Political Activities

Involvement in theater and French Communist Party, founding of a theater group, and critical engagement in leftist politics and activism.

Split with Sartre and Political Stance

Split with Sartre over views on communism, publication of his best philosophical book, and critical stance on leftist politics and leftist regimes.

Involvement in Resistance Movements

Involvement in resisting Nazi occupation, publication of notable works like 'The Stranger,' and exploration of themes like rebellion and absurdism in his writings.

Notion of Rebellion and Impact on Society

Exploration of the concept of rebellion, its implications on actions, and its role in resisting ideologies and injustices within society.

Existentialism and Human Responsibility

Discussion on existentialism, responsibility for choices and actions, and the absurdity and contradictions in human existence.

Alienation of Voters and Donors

Discusses the risk of alienating some voters or donors with certain actions or decisions.

Future Plans for Lecture Series

Announces plans for future lectures, including topics on ancient philosophies like St. Thomas Aquinas and John Jacques Rousseau.

Upcoming Season Themes

Mentions the themes for the upcoming season, including discussing the 20th century during the winter period.

Overview of the Year Ahead

Reflects on the upcoming year and the plans for the third year of the lecture series.

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